Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS). It is characterized by damage to the protective sheath (myelin) that covers nerve fibres in the brain and spinal cord, resulting in disruptions in the flow of nerve impulses. MS can be a debilitating disability, which can reduce physical independence, reduce functional capacity and impact their ability to complete everyday activities of daily living. Physiotherapists play an integral role in the management of MS through all stages of the disease process.

How common is Multiple Sclerosis?

Multiple sclerosis affects over 33 000 Australians with the prevalence being 131.12 Australians per 100 000 people.

As of 31 March 2021, 8263 (1.8%) of NDIS participants had a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.

What are the signs and symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis?

The symptoms of MS are diverse and can vary unpredictably depending on which part of the central nervous system is affected and how much damage has occurred.

Symptoms can be a combination of changes in:

• Motor function - problems with mobility, weakness, balance, spasms or functioning of the legs and arms

• Sensory function - pins and needles, burning pain and heat sensitivity.

• Cognitive function - problems with memory, information processing, concentration and mood (such as depression)

• Pain - acute pain with a relapse or chronic with spasticity

• Bladder and bowel dysfunction— including bladder incontinence and constipation

• Increased levels of fatigue

• Other nervous system problems — including vertigo, dizziness, neuralgia and problems with eyesight

MS symptoms may be hard to notice or invisible to others and can fluctuate in severity and presentation from one person to another as well as over time. Additionally, these symptoms may interact with each other and co-occurring conditions or diagnoses.

Is Multiple Sclerosis Covered by the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS)?

Yes, Multiple Sclerosis is in the List B category of NDIS eligibility of disability conditions. The List B category is for disabilities that are likely to be permanent and where the functioning capabilities of the person diagnosed are variable. Due to the varying nature of MS, the NDIS funding is assessed on a case-by-case basis and the participant will most likely need to provide additional evidence of their functional capacity and how significantly MS affects their daily life.

What are the benefits of physiotherapy for NDIS participants with Multiple sclerosis?

Physiotherapy can play a critical role in helping individuals with MS manage their symptoms, maintain mobility, and improve their well being and overall quality of life. MS is a chronic and unpredictable condition that affects the central nervous system and can lead to a wide range of physical and functional impairments.

A physiotherapist can work with an individual with MS to develop a personalized treatment plan to address their specific needs and goals. Some of the ways that physiotherapy can help with MS include:

1. Improving mobility: A physiotherapist can work with an individual with MS to improve their balance, coordination, and mobility through exercises, gait training, and other techniques.

2. Managing spasticity: Spasticity is a common symptom of MS that can cause stiffness and tightness in the muscles. Physiotherapy can help manage spasticity through stretching exercises, range-of-motion exercises, and positioning.

3. Enhancing strength and endurance: Physiotherapy can help individuals with MS improve their strength and endurance through resistance and cardiovascular exercises.

4. Managing pain: Physiotherapy can also help manage pain associated with MS through techniques such as massage, manual therapy, and electrotherapy.

5. Managing fatigue: Physiotherapy can help with increased levels of fatigue experienced by MS participants by providing energy conservation/management strategies such as the 4Ps: Pacing, Planning, Prioritizing and Positioning, environmental modifications and adaptive equipment and assistive devices.

6. Managing bladder and bowel dysfunction: Physiotherapy can be helpful in managing bladder and bowel dysfunction associated with MS through pelvic floor exercises and biofeedback therapy.

7. Improving respiratory function: Individuals with MS may experience respiratory difficulties, and physiotherapy can help improve respiratory function through breathing exercises and respiratory muscle training.

8. Providing education and support: A physiotherapist can provide education and support to individuals with MS and their caregivers to help manage their symptoms, maintain their functional abilities, and improve their overall quality of life.

9. Assistive technology advice and prescriptions: Such as walkers and wheelchairs to improve function and increase participation in daily life.

What makes Realisation Healthcare's physiotherapy different?

At Realisation Healthcare, our NDIS registered Physiotherapy services and therapeutic supports cater specifically to individuals with intellectual disabilities, neurological conditions, and mental health issues. Our physiotherapists take the time to understand each individual's unique needs and how their disability affects their quality of life, function, and overall well-being.

Our personalised approach combines a thorough understanding of the individual with tailored physiotherapy services aimed at helping them reach their full potential. Our ultimate goal is to empower our clients to live life to the fullest.

We are available for questions and inquiries 24/7, and appointments can be made within a week. To learn more about how we can support you, don't hesitate to contact us via messenger, email, or phone for a friendly chat. You can also fill out the referral form by clicking the button below.

Frequently Asked Questions

What other support services are available for someone with Multiple Sclerosis?

The NDIS can provide a range of support through NDIS funding for those with MS including:

• Occupational therapy helps the participant to remain as independent as possible and learn optimal ways to complete activities of daily living.

• Support at home such as domestic, household and personal care

• Participation in community, social and recreational events and activities

• Exercise programs through an exercise physiologist and nutrition through dietitians to help manage symptoms and improve overall health and wellness

• Continence support and products if required

• Aids and equipment to support daily living activities and maintain independence

• Employment support services

What happens if the Multiple Sclerosis gets worse or fluctuates on the NDIS?

Due to the fluctuating and varying nature of MS, a participant may have different needs and need a new treatment plan. The NDIS plan may last 12 months or 24 months; however, you may require changes during that period and request an evaluation. The change in support will give you an opportunity to change the support provided by the NDIS plans.

What are the different types of Multiple Sclerosis?

Relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) — This is the most common form of MS and about 85% of people with MS are diagnosed with RRMS. RRMS is characterized by distinct episodes of symptoms, also known as relapses, followed by periods of remission, during which symptoms improve or disappear completely.

Primary progressive MS (PPMS) — 10-15% of people with MS are diagnosed with PPMS. These people usually find that their symptoms become gradually worse, with no separate attacks i.e no relapse or remission.

Secondary progressive MS (SPMS) — Most people with RRMS will eventually experience SPMS. In SPMS, the disease gradually becomes more progressive, with fewer or no relapses but a steady worsening of symptoms and disability.

See MSAustralia's website for further details.

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